SOURCES

References and verification for Chinese Dominoes

HOW WE VERIFY

Every game in the Museum is researched using primary sources, academic papers, and expert consultation. Here's our verification process for Chinese Dominoes:

1

Historical Records

We examine Song Dynasty texts and later historical accounts documenting tile games and gambling practices.

2

Museum Collections

Physical tile sets from various eras are studied to understand material evolution and regional variations.

3

Academic Research

Scholarly papers on Chinese gaming history provide context for rule variations and cultural significance.

4

Living Traditions

Contemporary players in China and diaspora communities help verify rules still practiced today.

CONTENT MARKERS

已验证VERIFIED - Confirmed by primary historical sources and academic research
重建RECONSTRUCTION - Scholarly interpretation based on available evidence
艺术加工DRAMATIZATION - Artistic presentation for engagement
模拟SIMULATION - Gameplay adaptation from historical practice

PRIMARY SOURCES

📚来源卡片 #1

The Game of Leaves: An Inquiry into the Origin of Chinese Playing Cards

William Henry Wilkinson, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society

发表于: 1895

用于: Historical origins and early documentation of Chinese domino games

📚来源卡片 #2

Chinese Games with Dice and Dominoes

Stewart Culin, Smithsonian Institution

发表于: 1895

用于: Comprehensive documentation of tile types, rankings, and game variations

📚来源卡片 #3

A History of Board Games Other Than Chess

H.J.R. Murray, Oxford University Press

发表于: 1952

用于: Academic context and historical spread of domino games from China

📚来源卡片 #4

Xuanhe paipu (Guide to Dominoes of the Xuanhe Period)

Attributed to Qu You, Early Ming manuscript tradition

发表于: 14th-15th century

用于: Earliest surviving domino manual, textual evidence for rule culture and ranked play, with caution about later attribution

CHANGELOG

2026.01 - Initial release with Tien Gow rules and history
Future - Pai Gow variant and additional historical sources planned
Play Chinese Dominoes